Naturalization is a process whereby a legal permanent resident of the United States (ie a green card holder) applies to become a US citizen.
According to the USCIS, the requirements for naturalization are:
Be at least 18 years old at the time you file Form N-400, Application for Naturalization.
Be a permanent resident (have a “Green Card”) for at least 5 years (or 3 years if you obtained your green card through marriage to a US citizen and you are still married and living with your spouse).
Demonstrate continuous residence in the United States for at least 5 years immediately before the date you file Form N-400.
Show that you have been physically present in the United States for at least 30 months out of the 5 years immediately before the date you file Form N-400.
Show that you have lived for at least 3 months in the state or USCIS district where you apply. Students may apply for naturalization either where they go to school or where their family lives (if they are still financially dependent on their parents).
Be a person of good moral character.
Demonstrate an attachment to the principles and ideals of the U.S. Constitution.
Be able to read, write, and speak basic English.
Have a basic understanding of U.S. history and government (civics).
Take an oath of allegiance to the United States.
USCIS will also want to ensure that you do not have outstanding IRS tax debt, and men who were permanent residents between the ages of 18 and 26 will have to show that they registered for selective service. For anyone not living with their minor children, proof of paying child support may also be required.
If you have a green card and have been arrested since you got your green card, or if you have been outside the US for more than 6 months since you got your green card, you want to be sure to consult with an attorney before applying for US citizenship.
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